The research on ecosystems spans semi-wild to urban ecosystems and associated human settlements with an emphasis on policy relevant at local, regional, national, and global scales.

The research focuses on urban ecosystems and sustainable blue–green infrastructure, as well as quantifying and mapping ecosystem and watershed services. It looks at biodiversity conservation and restoration of forest, grasslands and desert ecosystems, along with river, aquatic ecosystem, and fish conservation. It also focuses on invasive species management in urban areas.

The research has contributed to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Cycles 6 and 7 (AR6 and AR7), domestic, international and global knowledge production, national and state policy, and programme design. It has also shaped teaching and training practices.